LEN, UPPER, LOWER, PROPER, CONCATENATE
LEN function can be used to count the length of the string.
UPPER to make a text becomes uppercase.
LOWER to make a text becomes lowercase.
PROPER to make a text becomes properly right in writing.
CONCATENATE to join text(s) in cell.
& to join text(s) as well.
See the example picture below:

LEFT, MID and RIGHT
These functions are used to manipulate text in certain cell.
To make easier for you, see the picture below:

Copy and transpose data
Select certain cell(s) you want to transpose.
Click Copy button.
Select destination cell.
Click Edit, Paste Special, Transpose, OK.
Press Esc on your keyboard to end.

Copy specific cells
To copy specific cell of value content:
Select cell or certain cells to copy.
Right-click then choose Copy.
Select destination cell.
Right-click and choose Paste Special, Values then click OK.

Change image of a toolbar button
The step if you want to change toolbar button:
Right-click on the blank area on toolbar.
Click Customize.
Right-click the button on toolbar to change.
Click Change Button Image, then choose the new image you want.
Click Close from Customize dialog box.
..
To reset :
Right-click on the button image.
Click Customize.
Right-click on the button image.
Click Reset.
Click Close [...]

Freeze and Unfreeze Panes
Freeze Panes:
Select cell you want to freeze.
Click Window on the menu bar then click Freeze Panes.
Unfreeze Panes:
Click Window on the menu bar then click Unfreeze Panes.
..
The effect of freezing panes are:
The certain column that you select will not move, if you scroll to the right direction.
The certain row that you select will [...]

Hide and unhide sheet
Hide sheet:
Click sheet name you want to hide.
Click Format, Sheet, Hide.
….
Unhide sheet:
Click Format, Sheet, Unhide.
Choose sheet name under Unhide sheet box.
Click OK.
….
Note:
If you only have one sheet only, you can’t hide.

Assembly 8086
Here is the example of the program that use ASSEM.OBJ
The name of this file is firstasm.asm
extrn HAI_WELCOME_TO_WWW_DEDESLIB_COM:Far,DS_STOP:Far
.MODEL SMALL
.STACK
.DATA
hello db “\@12,05\x20,03S\@14,10\&0BHello World”,0
.CODE
Start:
mov ax,@data
mov ds,ax
lea dx,hello
call HAI_WELCOME_TO_WWW_DEDESLIB_COM
mov AH,00
int 16h
call DS_STOP
END Start
Here is the output:

How to compile
TASM yourfilename
It will create object file.
Link file with ASSEM.OBJ
TLINK yourfilename+ASSEM yourfilename
It will create yourfilename.EXE
Note:
I use:
Turbo Assembler Version 2.0 [...]

Text direction
To make text direction down in Microsoft Excel is easy, you just type the text in the certain cell you want.
Then on the menu option you click Format, Cells, Alignment tab and then click Text in Orientation.
Down below is one of the example:

Sometimes we will see the unexpected relsult (######) sign in certain cell, (please see picture below).

To correct it, all we have to do is to adjust column width . In this case we just widened between column B and column C. So the correct result is below: